What are the treatment options for patients with a complete blockage (Total Coronary Occlusion)?

What are the treatment options for patients with a complete blockage (Total Coronary Occlusion)?

Percutaneous Techniques

If the stent is totally blocked, a percutaneous technique (done through an opening in the skin, not an open incision) may be done. Special guide wires and catheters are used to check the extent of the blockage and clear the area. These special tools along with experience using them also help improve the chance of a successful treatment (near 80% success).

Retrograde Approach

Cleveland Clinic interventionalists can use the "retrograde" approach to move blood around the blocked area. This treatment involves the use of collateral blood vessels. These are new blood vessels that form when the blocked area is severely narrowed.