What are the causes of blood in semen?

What are the causes of blood in semen?

The most likely cause of blood in semen are:

• Trauma from a prostate biopsy. You may see blood for up to four weeks after the procedure.
• Trauma from a vasectomy. You may see blood for over a week.
• Treatment of prostate cancer with external beam radiation or brachytherapy.
• A seminal tract infection or inflammation.
• Leaking of blood from a small blood vessel that bursts during ejaculation -- the same way that a person gets a nose bleed after blowing their nose.

Other potential causes or associated conditions may include:

• Sexually transmitted infections (STI): Including gonorrhea, chlamydia, or other viral or bacterial infection.
• Prostate conditions: Including benign prostatic hyperplasia, acute bacterial prostatitis, cysts and polyps.
• Testicular and epididymis conditions: Including orchitis, epididymitis.
• Seminal vesicle disorders: Including stones (calculi) and cysts.
• Blood disorders: Including clotting disorders or sickle cell disease.
• Chronic infections: Including tuberculosis or schistosomiasis.
• Cancers: Including testicular/epididymal cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, seminal vessel cancer, urethral tumor. It's rare for such cancers to present with their first symptom of blood in semen.
• Other medical problems: Including severe, uncontrolled high blood pressure; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), liver diseases, and leukemia (blood cancer).