What are chilblains (pernio)?

What are chilblains (pernio)?

Chilblains, also known as pernio, are small patches of inflamed skin. They develop after exposure to air that’s cold or damp but not freezing. Usually, chilblains form on your fingers or toes, but they can develop on the legs or ears.

Chilblains are typically red or bluish. They may feel itchy, tender or painful. Other names for chilblains include pernio and perniosis.