What is a Bartholin cyst?

What is a Bartholin cyst?

A Bartholin cyst (or vulvar cyst) is a type of vaginal cyst that forms on either side of the labia (vaginal lips) near the opening of the vagina. It’s named after the Bartholin glands, which are two small glands that produce the fluid (mucus) that help lubricate the vagina. The labia and Bartholin’s glands are part of the vulva in the female reproductive system.

A Bartholin cyst occurs when a blockage happens at the openings of one of these glands, causing the mucus to build up and form a lump. It typically only occurs on one of the two Bartholin glands. Some Bartholin cysts are small and don't cause any pain. If the cyst becomes infected with bacteria, an abscess can form. When infected, Bartholin cysts can be painful and may require medical treatment.