What are the symptoms of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (Alpha-1)?

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What are the symptoms of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (Alpha-1)?

Some people with Alpha-1 do not develop related diseases and have no symptoms. You might never know you have the disorder. People who have symptoms usually notice them between ages 20 and 50.

People with lung diseases caused by Alpha-1 have symptoms like those caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Shortness of breath especially with exertion, is most common. COPD is a group of lung conditions with symptoms that can include:

  • Allergies that last all year.
  • Extreme tiredness.
  • Frequent chest colds.
  • Shortness of breath.
  • Unexplained weight loss.
  • Wheezing.

Some adults with Alpha-1, and about 10% of infants with Alpha-1, develop liver disease. Signs and symptoms of liver diseases caused by Alpha-1 may include:

  • Easy bruising.
  • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).
  • Swelling in the belly or legs from fluid.
  • Vomiting blood.

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