What are the risk factors for developing anal dysplasia and/or anal cancer?

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What are the risk factors for developing anal dysplasia and/or anal cancer?

There are several risk factors (things that make your chance of getting a disease more likely) related to anal dysplasia and anal cancer. These include:

  • Becoming infected with human papillomavirus (HPV)
  • Having a higher number of sexual partners
  • Having anoreceptive intercourse (being the receiving partner in anal sex)
  • Using tobacco
  • Having anal wounds that have not healed
  • Having dysplasia of the genitals
  • Being immunosuppressed due to:
    • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
    • Hematologic malignancy (blood cancer)
    • Medication
    • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
    • Solid organ transplantation

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